Risk factors associated with chronic venous insufficiency
Keywords:
Chronic venous insufficiency, Risk factors, varicose veinsAbstract
Introduction: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is characterized by inadequate venous return from the lower limbs to the heart due to venous incompetence, which manifests through signs and symptoms such as varicose veins, leg pain, heaviness, edema, trophic changes, or venous ulcers. Various risk factors are associated with its development and identifying them is key for the implementation of preventive measures.
Objectives: To determine the risk factors associated with chronic venous insufficiency.
Material and methods: A search was conducted in electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scielo for cohort studies, case-control studies, and observational studies that investigated populations over 18 years of age with or without a diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency and that assessed risk factors at any point during the studies.
Results: A total of eight articles were reviewed. The most often found risk factors were advanced age, female sex, obesity, arterial hypertension, history of venous thrombosis, and smoking.
Conclusions: CVI is a multifactorial condition that includes both physiological and behavioral factors. Identifying these factors allows for the development of preventive strategies for at-risk populations.
Keywords: Chronic venous insufficiency, risk factors, varicose veins.
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Accepted 2026-09-21
Published 2026-10-15
