Genes and depression: search for biomarkers associated with depression in a young population
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29059/amsem.v3i2.81Keywords:
Depression, Omics, Biomolecular Markers, Gene and Young People.Abstract
BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the main causes of suicide among young people in Mexico, therefore it´s important to identify the biomarkers associated in adolescents. The following systematic review article described the biomarkers proposed by the FDA and NIH, and integrates translational medicine and “omics” technologies.
OBJECTIVE: Conduct an article using a meta-analysis in the review of scientific literature, delimiting to young patients who present depression and the identification of the most common biomolecular markers, with focus on major depressive disorder and its long-term consequences.
METHOD: The study design is observational, analytical and descriptive. For the process recognized academic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, Medline and Elsevier were used, and through their filters the relevant articles published between 2020 and 2024 that contain the keywords “depression”, “omics”, “biomolecular markers”, “gene” and “young", with selection criteria related to the prefix “omics” as characteristics of depressive disorders “metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, epigenetic and genomic”, with the exclusion of the repeated articles and other population such as older adults, children and pregnant women, 16 articles for description remained.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Biomarkers are essential in the identification of a biological process, especially the omics approach, and they demonstrate to be related to each other with specific properties in normal, pathogenic or reactive response to the pharmacological processes or another therapeutic interventions, fulfilling the essential objective of prevention of mental disorders in view of the need of prevention in the development of a more complicated pathology on young people in the future, such as major depressive disorder. However, there are still numerous limitations for its use and the needing for more research to prove its effectiveness.
KEYWORDS: Depression, omics, biomolecular markers, gene, young people.
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Amasi-Hartoonian, N., Pariante, C. M., Cattaneo, A., & Sforzini, L. (2022). Understanding treatment-resistant depression using “omics” techniques: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 318, 423–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.011
Zwolińska, W., Dmitrzak-Węglarz, M., & Słopień, A. (2021). Biomarkers in child and adolescent depression. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 54(1), 266–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-021-01246-y
Grant, C. W., Barreto, E. F., Kumar, R., Kaddurah-Daouk, R., Skime, M., Mayes, T., Carmody, T., Biernacka, J., Wang, L., Weinshilboum, R., Trivedi, M. H., Bobo, W. V., Croarkin, P. E., & Athreya, A. P. (2022). Multi-omics characterization of early- and adult-onset major depressive disorder. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(3), 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12030412
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